RTP & expected-value calculator

Estimate what a game pays back over a session and how far real results can swing from the average.

Expected return is the long-run average; the realistic range shows how much short sessions vary around it.

What RTP really means

RTP is a long-run average over millions of spins — a single session can land far above or below it.

Variance and the range

Higher-volatility games have a wider realistic range — bigger wins, but more losing sessions.

Worked example

€1 a spin for 500 spins on a 96% RTP game: expected loss about €20, but realistic outcomes span a wide band either side.

Glossary

RTP

Return to player — the long-run % of stakes a game pays back.

House edge

The casino's long-run advantage; 100% minus RTP.

Volatility

How wildly results swing — high volatility means rarer, bigger wins.

Wagering requirement

How much you must bet before bonus winnings can be withdrawn.

Expected value (EV)

Your average result if you repeated the same play many times.